punishment for false affidavit in civil court

Making a false affidavit can attract criminal liability (perjury/false evidence) and contempt of court: under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) the giving or fabricating of false evidence is punishable (e.g. s.229: up to 7 years and fine; s.216: false statement on oath up to 3 years; more severe provisions (s.231 etc.) apply if false evidence causes conviction for serious offences) -see the BNS text. [https://www.indiacode.nic.in/handle/123456789/20062'view_type=browse]. For proof and admissibility issues use the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA). [https://www.indiacode.nic.in/handle/123456789/20063]. Procedure/powers for criminal complaint and trial are governed by the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS). [https://www.indiacode.nic.in/handle/123456789/20099'view_type=browse]. The usual practical steps are: (1) ask the court where the affidavit was filed to expunge/strike it and to initiate contempt proceedings (Supreme Court has held false affidavits amount to criminal contempt -see Rita Markandey v. Surjit Singh Arora (fine imposed) and Murray & Co. v. Ashok Kr. Newatia (false affidavit = contempt)). [https://www.courtkutchehry.com/judgements/683259/rita-markandey-vs-surjit-singh-arora/] [https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1468121/]. (2) simultaneously lodge a criminal complaint/private complaint under the relevant BNS sections (perjury/false evidence/fabrication) with police or magistrate (Supreme Court has noted practical difficulties but allowed prosecution in perjury matters -see Swaran Singh v. State of Punjab). [https://indiankanoon.org/doc/489802/]. Preserve documentary proof, witness affidavits contradicting the false statements and move for urgent investigative steps.