Unable to pay personal loans, how to put ip for loans ?
25-Jul-2024 (In Civil Law)
Yes. For ordinary individual debt (not a guarantor) of Rs.15 lakh you may self-initiate a personal insolvency resolution because Part III applies where default is at least Rs.1,000 (Section 78). File an application under Section 94 before the adjudicating authority (usually the DRT) in the prescribed form with fee and debt documents; on filing an interim moratorium under Section 96 begins, the Adjudicating Authority will direct nomination/appointment of a resolution professional (Section 97), the RP examines the case and submits a report under Section 99 and the Authority admits or rejects under Section 100. See the IBC provisions: Section 78 [https://indiankanoon.org/doc/130320791/], Section 94 [https://ibclaw.in/section-94-application-by-debtor-to-initiate-insolvency-resolution-process/], Section 96 [https://ibclaw.in/section-96-interim-moratorium/], and Sections 97'100 [https://ibclaw.in/judgment-of-the-day-on-ibc/]. Important caveats: if you are a personal guarantor to a corporate debtor or your debt is linked to corporate proceedings different rules/thresholds and NCLT jurisdiction may apply (see Mudraksh Investfin Pvt. Ltd. v. Gursev Singh (NCLAT, 2 May 2025) [https://indiankanoon.org/doc/130667361/] and Lalit Kumar Jain v. Union of India (Supreme Court, 21 May 2021) [https://indiankanoon.org/doc/60477445/]). Also note interim moratorium is limited in scope and courts have held mere upload may not trigger it until properly filed; criminal or regulatory proceedings (e.g., NI Act Section 138 prosecutions or consumer/regulatory penalties) are generally not stayed by IBC moratoriums (see Kerala HC on filing/numbering [https://livelaw.in/high-court/kerala-high-court/kerala-high-court-mere-uploading-application-section-96-ibc-not-filing-interim-moratorium-242509] and Supreme Court rulings on moratorium limits [https://legal.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/litigation/ibc-moratorium-does-not-shield-individuals-from-penalties-under-consumer-law-sc/118715998]).
In India, if an individual is unable to repay debts like personal loans, they can file an insolvency petition in the District Court where they reside. This legal process, which can be initiated by either the debtor or a creditor, may lead to the court appointing an interim receiver to manage the debtor's assets. Additionally, intellectual property (IP) can be used as collateral for loans. While lenders may take a security interest in the IP, the borrower generally retains ownership and can continue using the IP for other purposes unless a default occurs.
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