What to do if complainant is not attending the hearings

There is no specific limit on the number of times a criminal case can be adjourned but the court is expected to use its discretion judiciously to ensure that the administration of justice is not unduly delayed.
 

In the trial of a warrant case, as per Section 249, Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) if the complainant does not appear on the day of the hearing and the offence is such that it can be compounded or is not a cognizable offence, the Magistrate may, at any time before the charge has been framed, discharge the accused. However, if the offence is non-compoundable or cognizable, the Magistrate cannot discharge the accused merely on the ground of the absence of the complainant. It's important to note that the discharge of the accused under this section is not an acquittal, and the complainant may still have the right to file a fresh complaint against the accused if he or she appears at a later stage of the proceedings.

In the trial of a summons case, as per section 256 CrPC, if the summons has been issued on a complaint and the complainant does not appear on the day appointed for the appearance of the accused or any subsequent day to which the hearing may be adjourned, the Magistrate may acquit the accused, unless he thinks it proper to adjourn the hearing of the case to some other day. However, there are exceptions to this provision. If the complainant is represented by a pleader or by the officer conducting the prosecution or if the Magistrate is of the opinion that the personal attendance of the complainant is not necessary, the Magistrate may dispense with his attendance and proceed with the case.
 

If the complainant does not appear even after several adjournments, the accused or his/her lawyer may apply to the Magistrate to either dismiss the case or acquit the accused. The Magistrate will then decide on the matter, taking into consideration the reasons for the complainant's non-appearance.
 

Yes, there are ways to know if there is any communication from the complainant to the court.
If the complainant has filed any documents or made any submissions to the court, these documents will be part of the court record, which is accessible to the parties involved in the case and their lawyers.
The accused or his/her lawyer can approach the court clerk or the court's administrative staff to check if any communication has been received from the complainant. They can also examine the court record to see if any documents or submissions have been made by the complainant.

In addition, if the complainant has engaged a lawyer to represent him/her in the case, the accused or his/her lawyer may contact the lawyer to inquire about any communication or submissions made on behalf of the complainant.